Stubble Quail

Overview

The stubble quail (Coturnix pectoralis), also known as the grey quail, is a ground-dwelling Old World quail native to Australia. It is the only native upland game bird that can be legally hunted in the country, subject to strict game law restrictions.

Identification

• Plump body with dark brown feathers marked by a cream-coloured strip down the centre, creating distinct stripes along the length of the bird.
• Males measure 18.0–18.5 cm and weigh around 100 g, while females are slightly larger at approximately 110 g.
• Produces a loud whirring noise from its wings during take-off when disturbed, which helps distinguish it from similar species like the brown quail.
• Viscally silent while on the ground, distinguishing it from the little buttonquail which often makes an alarm call when flushed.

Habitat

Widespread across mainland Australia, found in diverse habitats ranging from very dry areas to alpine grasslands, though absent from Tasmania. The species prefers tall, dense grassland made up of native or introduced grasses and crops, frequently occupying agricultural areas after cereal harvests.

Diet

Feeds on grain and insects, particularly in agricultural areas following the harvest of cereal crops. In hot climates, they may forage during the night to avoid daytime heat.

Did you know?

Stubble quail have highly concentrated kidneys that allow them to produce concentrated urine, enabling them to survive without drinking water if they have access to green foliage alongside their grain-based diet.