Eurasian Wryneck

Overview

The Eurasian wryneck is a species of wryneck in the woodpecker family that primarily breeds in temperate regions of Europe and Asia. It is the only European woodpecker to undertake long-distance migration, with most populations wintering in tropical Africa and southern Asia, though some are resident in northwestern Africa. The species is currently listed as 'least concern' by the IUCN Red List.

Identification

• Measures 16–18 cm in length and has a slim, elongated body shape resembling a thrush rather than a typical woodpecker.
• Upperparts are barred and mottled with pale brown, rufous, and blackish bars, while underparts are cream speckled with brown arrow-heads.
• Possesses a brown, long, and slender beak with a broad base and sharp tip, along with slender pale brown legs.
• Emits a call consisting of repeated harsh, shrill 'quee' notes reminiscent of a lesser spotted woodpecker or small falcon, and hisses when disturbed.

Habitat

This species inhabits open countryside, parkland, gardens, orchards, heaths, hedgerows, and deciduous woodland, preferably in drier environments with old trees. Its breeding range covers much of Europe and Asia, while wintering grounds extend across tropical Africa and the Indian subcontinent.

Diet

The diet consists chiefly of ants, along with beetles, larvae, moths, spiders, and woodlice. Foraging is mostly conducted on the ground by moving in short hops with the tail raised, though the bird also clings to tree trunks and occasionally catches insects in flight.

Did you know?

The bird's English name refers to its ability to twist its head through almost 180 degrees, a movement it uses as a snake-like threat display when disturbed at the nest.